phản động

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The Vietnamese word "phản động" can be understood in a few different ways, primarily as an adjective. Here’s a breakdown to help you understand it better:

Definition:

1. General Meaning: "Phản động" translates to "reactionary" in English. It refers to someone or something that opposes progress or change, often wanting to return to a previous state or condition.
2. Political Context: In a political sense, "phản động" describes individuals or groups who resist reform or revolutionary changes, often favoring traditional or outdated ideas over new ones.

Usage Instructions:

• When to use: You can use "phản động" to describe political ideologies, movements, or individuals who oppose modernization or reform. It’s often used in discussions about politics, social movements, and cultural changes.

Example Sentences:

1. Simple Example:

   • "Những người phản động thường không chấp nhận sự thay đổi."
   • (Translation: "Reactionary people often do not accept change.")

2. Advanced Example:

   • "Trong bối cảnh chính trị hiện nay, nhiều ý kiến cho rằng các chính sách của chính phủ là phản động, không phù hợp với nhu cầu phát triển của xã hội."
   • (Translation: "In the current political context, many opinions suggest that the government's policies are reactionary and do not meet the development needs of society.")

Word Variants:

• Noun Form: "Phản động" itself can also be used as a noun to refer to a reactionary person, although this is less common.
• Related Terms:
  • "Phản động lực" (reactionary force)
  • "Phản động chính trị" (political reactionary)

Different Meanings:

• In a Broader Sense: While primarily used in a political context, "phản động" can also refer to any resistance to change in various domains (like social or cultural).

Synonyms:

• In Vietnamese: "Bảo thủ" (conservative), "thụt lùi" (regressive), "chống đối" (opposing).
• In English: "Conservative," "regressive," "anti-progressive."

Academic

verb

1. to react
   • sự phản động
     reaction